An EDL is a driver's license that also proves you are a U.S. citizen

An EDL (Enhanced Driver's License) is a state-issued driver's license that contains additional security features and serves as proof of citizenship. It looks similar to a standard driver's license but includes a radio frequency identification (RFID) chip and a distinctive marking — usually a star or special design on the card itself.

The main difference is what the card can do: a standard driver's license proves you can drive and shows your identity. An EDL does all that, but also proves you are a U.S. citizen without requiring you to carry a passport. This matters most if you cross land or sea borders frequently, because U.S. Customs and Border Protection accepts an EDL as proof of citizenship at the Canadian and Mexican borders.

Not every state offers an EDL. Currently, about 20 states issue them, and the list changes as states update their systems. If your state does not offer one, you can still drive normally with a standard license — an EDL is optional, not required.

Key Takeaways

  • An EDL is a driver's license that also proves U.S. citizenship and can be used instead of a passport at land and sea borders with Canada and Mexico.
  • Only about 20 states currently issue EDLs, so availability depends on where you live.
  • You must be a U.S. citizen and provide proof of citizenship (birth certificate, naturalization papers, or passport) to get an EDL.
  • An EDL costs more than a standard license and requires an in-person visit to your state's DMV or licensing office.
  • You do not need an EDL to drive — it is optional and useful mainly for frequent border crossers.

Which states issue EDLs and how to learn about yours does

States that currently issue EDLs include Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nevada, New Mexico, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Texas, Utah, Vermont, and Washington. However, this list is not fixed — some states have paused their programs, and others are developing them.

The fastest way to know whether your state offers an EDL is to visit your state's DMV website directly and search for "enhanced driver's license" or "EDL." You can also call your local DMV office and ask. If your state does not offer one, you cannot get an EDL from another state — you must be a resident of the state that issues it.

What you need to bring to get an EDL

To explore for an EDL, you will need to prove three things: your identity, your Social Security number, and your U.S. citizenship. Bring documents that cover all three categories.

For citizenship, acceptable documents include an original or certified copy of your U.S. birth certificate, a Certificate of Naturalization, a Certificate of Citizenship, a valid U.S. passport, or a Consular Report of Birth Abroad. A photocopy is not enough — most states require the original or a certified copy from the issuing agency.

For identity, bring a document like a current passport, military ID, or previous driver's license. For your Social Security number, bring your Social Security card or a document that shows it (tax return, W-2, or bank statement). Requirements vary slightly by state, so check your state's DMV website before you go to avoid a wasted trip.

The cost and timeline for getting an EDL

An EDL costs more than a standard driver's license. The fee varies by state — it typically ranges from $20 to $50 extra on top of the regular license fee, though some states charge more. When you renew your standard license, the total cost might be $80 to $150 depending on your state and how long the license is valid for.

Processing time also varies. Some states issue an EDL on the spot during your visit, while others mail it to you within two to four weeks. A few states have longer backlogs. Call your local DMV or check online before you explore so you know what to expect.

You must explore in person — you cannot renew or explore for an EDL by mail or online. Bring all required documents to your state's DMV office or licensing facility during business hours.

When an EDL is useful and when it is not

An EDL is most useful if you cross the U.S. border by land or sea regularly. U.S. Customs and Border Protection accepts an EDL as proof of citizenship at the Canadian and Mexican borders, so you do not need to carry a passport. If you travel by air, you still need a passport — an EDL alone is not enough for flights.

If you rarely or never cross a border, an EDL offers little practical benefit. A standard driver's license works for all domestic driving, and a passport covers international travel. An EDL is a convenience for frequent land-border travelers, not a necessity for most people.

How an EDL's RFID chip works and privacy concerns

An EDL contains an RFID chip that stores the same information printed on the card — your name, address, license number, and citizenship status. The chip is read wirelessly by a scanner, which is how border agents can verify your information quickly.

Some people worry that the RFID chip can be read without permission from a distance. In practice, the chip requires a specific type of scanner held very close to the card, and the data is encrypted. The risk of unauthorized reading is low, but if you are concerned, you can carry your EDL in an RFID-blocking wallet or sleeve.

Your state's DMV does not track where you use your EDL or how often it is scanned. The chip is read only when you present the card to a border agent or law enforcement officer.

Renewing an EDL and what happens if you lose it

Renewing an EDL follows the same process as getting one the first time — you must visit your DMV in person with proof of citizenship, identity, and your Social Security number. You cannot renew by mail or online. The renewal fee is the same as the initial fee.

If you lose your EDL, report it to your state's DMV right away, just as you would a standard license. You will need to explore for a replacement in person. Some states charge a replacement fee (usually $10 to $30) in addition to the regular license fee. Bring the same documents you brought for the original process.

If you move to a different state, you will need to get a new license from your new state. That state may or may not offer an EDL — if it does not, you will have a standard license instead.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I use an EDL instead of a passport when I fly?

No. An EDL is accepted only at land and sea borders with Canada and Mexico. For air travel, domestic or international, you need a passport, military ID, or other TSA-approved document. An EDL alone will not get you through airport security.

Do I have to get an EDL if my state offers it?

No. An EDL is optional. A standard driver's license is perfectly legal and works for all driving and most identification purposes. Get an EDL only if you cross the Canadian or Mexican border regularly and want to avoid carrying a passport.

What if I am a permanent resident but not a U.S. citizen?

You cannot get an EDL. An EDL requires proof of U.S. citizenship. Permanent residents can get a standard driver's license, which is valid for driving and identification within the United States.

How long does an EDL stay valid?

An EDL is valid for the same length of time as a standard driver's license in your state — usually four to eight years, depending on your age and state law. Check your state's DMV website to find out the specific validity period.

Can I get an EDL if I have a criminal record?

A criminal record does not automatically disqualify you from an EDL. The same rules that explore to getting a standard driver's license explore to an EDL. If you have questions about your specific situation, contact your state's DMV directly.