Get your permit from your state's Department of Motor Vehicles
Your state's Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) — sometimes called the Secretary of State's office or Registry of Motor Vehicles — is where you go to get a driving permit. You cannot get one from a private company or online service. The DMV is the only place that issues the official document your state recognizes.
Each state runs its own DMV with its own rules, fees, and testing procedures. What you need to bring, how much it costs, and how long the permit lasts all depend on which state you live in. The DMV office nearest you is usually in your county seat or a major city, though many states now let you handle some steps online or by mail.
A driving permit (also called a learner's permit or instruction permit) is different from a driver's license. It lets you practice driving with a licensed adult in the car, but you cannot drive alone. Once you pass the driving test, you exchange it for a full license.
Key Takeaways
- Your state's DMV is the only place to get an official driving permit — search "[your state] DMV" online to find the office nearest you.
- You will need to bring proof of identity, proof of residency, and your Social Security number or tax ID to your appointment.
- Most states charge between $20 and $50 for a permit and require you to pass a written test on traffic laws and road signs.
- Some states let you schedule an appointment online or submit documents by mail before you visit in person, which can save you time in the office.
- Your permit is usually valid for one to three years, depending on your state and your age.
Find your state DMV office online
Start by searching "[your state] DMV" or "[your state] driver's license" in any search engine. The official state website will appear at the top of the results. From there, you can find the office address, hours, and phone number closest to you.
Many state DMV websites also show wait times, let you book an appointment, or tell you which documents to bring before you go. Some states require an appointment; others take walk-ins. Checking online first saves you a wasted trip. If you cannot find the information you need, call the DMV directly — the phone number is on the state website.
If you have moved recently or are not sure which office to use, search by your current address or zip code. The DMV website will direct you to the right location.
Documents you need to bring
Every state requires proof of identity, proof of residency, and your Social Security number. Bring originals or certified copies — photocopies usually do not work. The exact documents vary by state, but here are the most common ones:
| What You Need | Examples |
|---|---|
| Proof of identity | Passport, birth certificate, state ID, or school ID |
| Proof of residency | Utility bill, lease, mortgage statement, or bank statement with your current address |
| Social Security number | Your Social Security card or tax return |
| Proof of legal presence (if not a U.S. citizen) | Visa, work permit, or green card |
If you are under 18, you may also need a parent or guardian to sign a consent form. Some states require them to be present in person; others accept a signed form. Check your state's website to see what applies to your age.
Bring the originals of everything, not copies. If a document is old or damaged, bring it anyway — the DMV staff can tell you on the spot whether it is acceptable.
The written test and permit fee
After you turn in your documents, you will take a written test on traffic laws, road signs, and safe driving rules. The test is usually 30 to 50 questions, and you need to score around 70 to 80 percent to pass — your state's DMV website will tell you the exact passing score. You can study using the DMV's official handbook, which is free online.
The test is given on a computer at most DMV offices, though some still use paper. You get your results right away. If you fail, you can usually retake it the same day or within a few days, depending on your state.
The permit fee ranges from about $20 to $50, depending on your state and how long the permit is valid. You pay this fee at the DMV office when you pass the test. Some states charge extra if you need a replacement permit or want to renew early.
How long your permit lasts
A driving permit is usually valid for one to three years, depending on your state and your age. Younger drivers sometimes get shorter permits than adults. Your DMV will tell you the expiration date when you receive your permit.
You can renew your permit before it expires by visiting the DMV again, though you may not have to retake the written test. Some states let you renew by mail or online. Check your state's DMV website for renewal rules and fees.
Online and mail options in some states
Many states now let you complete part of the permit process online or by mail. You might be able to fill out your process, upload documents, or even take the written test from home. However, you will still need to visit the DMV in person at some point to have your photo taken and receive your physical permit.
A few states offer the entire process by mail for certain applicants, but this is rare. Check your state's DMV website to see which steps you can do online and which require a visit. Starting online can cut your time in the office by half.
What happens after you get your permit
Once you have your permit, you can practice driving with a licensed adult who is at least 21 years old (the age varies by state). Your permit comes with restrictions — you usually cannot drive alone, cannot drive at night, and cannot use your phone while driving. Read the back of your permit to see your state's specific rules.
You will need to practice for a set number of hours before you can take the driving test for your full license. Most states require 30 to 50 hours of practice, with a certain number at night. Keep a log of your practice hours if your state requires it. Once you meet the hour requirement and feel ready, you schedule a driving test at the DMV.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I get a permit if I do not have a Social Security number?
It depends on your state. Some states accept an Individual Taxpayer Identification Number (ITIN) instead. Call your state's DMV to ask what documents you can use if you do not have a Social Security number.
What if I fail the written test?
You can retake it, usually the same day or within a few days. There is often a small fee for each retake. Study the official DMV handbook between attempts — it covers everything on the test.
Do I need an appointment, or can I just walk in?
It depends on your state and which DMV office you visit. Check your state's website or call ahead. Many offices now require appointments to manage wait times, but some still take walk-ins. Booking online is usually faster if your state offers it.
How much does a driving permit cost?
Fees range from about $20 to $50 depending on your state and how long the permit is valid. Your state's DMV website will show the exact fee before you visit.
Can someone else pick up my permit for me?
No. You must be present in person to have your photo taken and receive your permit. Some states let a parent or guardian handle the paperwork if you are under 18, but you still have to be there.