Fishing license prices vary by state and type of license
A fishing license costs between $15 and $50 for a resident annual license in most states, though some states charge less and a few charge more. Non-residents pay significantly more—typically $40 to $150 per year. The exact price depends on which state you fish in, how long you want the license to last, and whether you fish in freshwater, saltwater, or both.
Many states also sell short-term licenses—three-day, seven-day, or one-day options—that cost $10 to $30. These are useful if you fish occasionally or are visiting from out of state. Some states bundle fishing and hunting licenses together at a discount, while others sell them separately.
A few states do not charge for fishing licenses at all, though these are rare. Check your state's fish and wildlife website to find the exact price for the license type you need.
Key Takeaways
- Most states charge $15 to $50 for an annual resident fishing license and $40 to $150 for non-residents.
- Short-term licenses (one day to one week) cost $10 to $30 and are available in most states.
- You buy licenses directly from your state's fish and wildlife agency, usually online or at sporting goods retailers.
- Some states offer free or reduced-cost licenses for seniors, disabled residents, or children under a certain age.
Where to buy a fishing license
You buy fishing licenses from your state's fish and wildlife agency. Most states now sell licenses online through their official website, which is the fastest option—you can print or read your license when ready and fish the same day. Search "[your state] fish and wildlife fishing license" to find the right website.
If you prefer not to buy online, you can purchase licenses in person at sporting goods stores like Bass Pro Shops, Cabela's, or Walmart, as well as at bait and tackle shops and some hardware stores. These retailers are authorized by the state to sell licenses and charge the same price as the state website.
A few states still allow you to buy licenses by phone or mail, though this is becoming less common. Call your state's fish and wildlife office if the online option is not available.
Resident versus non-resident license prices
States charge residents and non-residents different prices because residents pay state taxes that fund fish and wildlife programs. A resident is typically someone who has lived in the state for at least 30 days and has a state ID or driver's license with that state's address. Non-residents are visitors or people who live out of state.
Non-resident annual licenses often cost two to three times more than resident licenses. For example, a resident might pay $25 for an annual license while a non-resident pays $75 or $100 for the same coverage. However, non-residents can usually buy a short-term license for much less—a three-day license might cost $20 to $30, making it a better deal if you are only visiting for a weekend.
Discounts and free licenses for certain groups
Many states offer reduced-cost or free fishing licenses to seniors (usually age 65 or older), disabled residents, military veterans, and children under a certain age (often under 16). Some states also offer free licenses to residents who are blind or have specific disabilities. The discounts and age cutoffs vary widely by state.
To learn about you may have access to, check your state's fish and wildlife website or call their office. You will usually need to show proof of age, disability status, or military service when you buy the license. Some states allow you to claim these discounts online, while others require you to buy in person.
What your license covers and what it does not
A standard fishing license covers freshwater fishing in public waters—lakes, rivers, and streams. It does not cover saltwater fishing, which requires a separate saltwater license in coastal states. Some states sell a combined freshwater and saltwater license for a higher price.
Your license does not cover fishing on private property without the owner's permission, and it does not cover certain species that require special permits. For example, many states require a separate trout stamp or salmon stamp if you want to fish for those species. These stamps typically cost $5 to $15 extra and are sold alongside regular licenses.
Always check your state's fishing regulations before you go, because they specify which waters are open, which species you can keep, and how many fish you can take home. These rules change by season and location.
How long a license lasts
An annual license typically runs from January 1 to December 31, though some states use a different calendar year. If you buy a license in June, it still expires on December 31 of that year—you do not get a full year from the purchase date. A few states sell licenses on a rolling 12-month basis instead, so your license lasts exactly one year from the day you buy it.
Short-term licenses last exactly as long as they say: a one-day license is valid for one calendar day, a three-day license for three consecutive days, and so on. Check your state's rules to see whether a three-day license means three calendar days or 72 hours.
Frequently Asked Questions
Do I need a license to fish in my backyard pond?
It depends on whether the pond is on your own property and whether your state considers it public or private water. Most states do not require a license to fish on your own land in your own pond. However, if the pond is connected to public water or if you do not own it, you will need a license. Check your state's fish and wildlife website or call to confirm.
Can I use someone else's fishing license?
No. A fishing license is non-transferable and must be in your name. If you are caught fishing with someone else's license, you can be fined. Each person fishing must have their own valid license.
What happens if I fish without a license?
Fishing without a license is illegal and can result in fines ranging from $50 to several hundred dollars depending on the state. You may also lose your fishing privileges for a period of time. It is much cheaper to buy a license than to pay a fine.
Can I buy a fishing license for someone else as a gift?
Yes, but the license must be registered in the recipient's name. You can purchase it online or in person, but you will need their name and state ID information. Some states allow you to buy a gift certificate instead, which the recipient can use to purchase their own license.
Do I need a separate license for catch-and-release fishing?
No. A standard fishing license covers catch-and-release fishing. You do not need a different license just because you plan to release the fish you catch.